Hitching a ride with DCs

Hitching a ride

Hitching a ride to renal repair.

IN THE UNITED STATES, it has been estimated that more than 30 million people have chronic kidney disease (CKD), with the figure projected to rise significantly over the next 10 yr (4). CKD imposes substantial economic burden, accounting for an important proportion of the Medicare budget. Furthermore, patients with CKD have increased risk of death from cardiovascular disease and end-stage renal ...

Brachiopods hitching a ride: an early case of commensalism in the middle Cambrian Burgess Shale

Ecological interactions, including symbiotic associations such as mutualism, parasitism and commensalism are crucial factors in generating evolutionary novelties and strategies. Direct examples of species interactions in the fossil record generally involve organisms attached to sessile organisms in an epibiont or macroboring relationship. Here we provide support for an intimate ecological assoc...

Hitching a ride: Seed accrual rates on different types of vehicles.

Human activities, from resource extraction to recreation, are increasing global connectivity, especially to less-disturbed and previously inaccessible places. Such activities necessitate road networks and vehicles. Vehicles can transport reproductive plant propagules long distances, thereby increasing the risk of invasive plant species transport and dispersal. Subsequent invasions by less desir...

CTL Responses to DCs Stimulated with Leishmania Antigens Detected by DCs Expressing Leishmania gp63

Background: Leishmania is a pathogenic parasite which infects mononuclear cells in vertebrate hosts. Different strategies have been taken to develop immunity against Leishmania . DCs loaded with immunogenic antigen have resulted in different levels of Th1-type immune response and cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL) activity. Objective: To evaluate the potency of DCs primed with soluble Leishmania mex...